In ENT episode “Divergence” parts go flying off the ship during warp 5. What would happen to something at that speed without the protection of the field? Would it stay in high speed motion until interacted upon by something else (meteoroids/dust/gravitational fields)? Or would it disintegrate under this kind of speed?
Disintegrate or just stop and drop out of warp just like the ship does when they disengage warp normally. The ship doesn’t travel faster than the speed of light. It just warps space around the ship. That’s why they don’t have relativistic speeds like the warping of time like time dilation on the ship doesn’t happen.
I think we’ve seen enough to safely say it would fall out of FTL in fairly short order.
I don’t think we’ve seen enough to say exactly what its sublight velocity would be - no examples are coming to mind.
Edit: as is often the case when the warp drive comes up, its worth pointing out that ships at warp pretty definitely have momentum/inertia.
It’s arguable that it would stop completely, if it survived falling out of the warp field.
The times we’ve seen ships fall out of warp for one reason or another, they typically slow to a stop, rather than keeping all the inertia like we would expect them to, or stopping instantly like they would if the warp field was doing all the work.
I would think that any object (including the ship) is traveling at a sub-light speed within the warp bubble and therefore would only keep that same velocity when (catastrophically) exiting the warp bubble. Unless by exiting the warp bubble in an uncontrolled manner creates some other force which slows the object somehow.
My understanding is that the warp bubble is moving space around the object (including the ship) rather than accelerating the object to FTL (faster-than-light) speeds, thus we really only have to consider the relative velocities within the warp bubble.
Edit to add: Oh, also, I should add that (IMO) the object cannot continue to travel at FTL speed since it has no warp drive of its own to maintain the warp field.
I certainly don’t think they’d continue to move at a high speed. Inertia wouldn’t really apply, because the objects were never really “moving” at all. Space was moving around them, but they were stationary relative to the space inside the bubble.
So I’d say that if they survived crossing the threshold from the space inside the bubble to the space outside the bubble, they’d basically instantly become stationary.
The question is can you survive exiting the bubble like that, or would the bubble’s edge tear you apart. But I think we might actually have an answer to this, from Discovery’s last season. Didn’t Burnham survive exiting that enemy ship’s bubble in that first episode, before Discovery beamed her back aboard?
I just revisited the scene from “Red Directive” in which Burnham is riding on the top of Moll and L’ak’s ship - at the end of the sequence, she leaps from the ship’s hull as the warp field collapses. When she and the ship enter “normal” space, they both seem fairly stationary. Burnham is tumbling a bit in her EV suit, but she doesn’t seem to have a lot of velocity.
