This implies that all electronic communications are insecure.
Morse code thrusts during sex.
I remember a meme years ago that described how the type, color, number, and arrangement of flowers in a bouquet could be used to convey complex messages. I’ll have to scroll through my hoard, but I’ll post it if I find it.
But, honestly, as long as there exists a code that is shared between dissenters, and ways to represent discrete elements of that code, communication itself is easy. You could encode anything in a medium that can represent a binary state, like lining up shiny pebbles on your windowsill: two close to each other for a binary 1, or a single one for binary 0. Or you could represent messages by how you hang your laundry to dry. Or embed it into how you play a musical instrument. You could hang Christmas ornaments in your window and use any obvious property to represent a message. You could use a rudimentary radio transmitter to send messages through radio noise. The options are limitless.
The difficult part is maintaining operational security. The limitations presented by human mental capabilities means that a very simple pre-shared secret must be used, which may be leaked or deduced. You have to know where to look, how to decode or decrypt the message, how to respond, and how to do all of that covertly. Prisoners have successfully used hand motions while cleaning their cell window to convey messages outside, apparently for years before authorities caught on.
Pen and paper, even it’s outlawed people will always find a way to break the law. Of if you want something creative, through songs, poems or dance.
Reminds me of Arnis which the Spanish banned the practice so people created a dance around it.
You can make pencils with charcoal, paper bark trees are common here.
Also pirate radio, hard but not impossible to conceal its location if you’ve got a good portable system.
act deaf, learn sign language, no one actually bothers to know sign language if they’re not deaf or near deaf people
You can also learn hobo code. Engrave/mark signs in secret places. All you need is a sharp edged rock, a piece of chalk, or even a stick of charcoal.
Banning writing instruments is not realistic unless you’re keeping the entire population indoors in an immaculately clean prison or mental hospital type environment.