Hypixel.net is both their website and mc server adress.
Is it just that https is on port 443 and minecraft is on port 25565?
And if that is the case, can i do something similar by making a reverse proxy have two seperate server blocks for the one domain, with different ports?
Redirects.
If you try to connect to hypixel.net via port 443, it redirects you to the html page.
If you try to connect to play.hypixel.net via port 25565, it redirects you to the minecraft server.
The amount of confidently incorrect responses is exactly what one could expect from Lemmy.
First: TCP and UDP can listen on the same port, DNS is a great example of such. You’d generally need it to be part of the same process as ports are generally bound to the same process, but more on this later.
Second: Minecraft and website are both using TCP. TCP is part of layer 4, transport; whereas HTTP(S) / Minecraft are part of layer 7, application. If you really want to, you could cram HTTP(S) over UDP (technically, QUIC/HTTP3 does this), and if you absolutely want to, with updates to the protocol itself, and some server client edits you can cram Minecraft over UDP, too. People need to brush up on their OSI layers before making bold claims.
Third: The web server and the Minecraft server are not running on the same machine. For something that scale, both services are served from a cluster focused only on what they’re serving.
Finally: Hypixel use reverse proxy to sit between the user and their actual server. Specifically, they are most likely using Cloudflare Spectrum to proxy their traffic. User request reaches a point of presence, a reverse proxy service is listening on the applicable ports (443/25565) + protocol (HTTPS/Minecraft), and then depending on traffic type, and rules, the request gets routed to the actual server behind the scenes. There are speculations of them no longer using Cloudflare, but I don’t believe this is the case. If you dig their mc.hypixel.net domain, you get a bunch of direct assigned IP addresses, but if you tried to trace it from multiple locations, you’d all end up going through Cloudflare infrastructure. It is highly likely that they’re still leaning on Cloudflare for this service, with a BYOIP arrangement to reduce risk of DDOS addressed towards them overflow to other customers.
In no uncertain terms:
- Hypixel.net has Cloudflare DNS for their domain.
- For their website, it has orange cloud enabled to proxy traffic through CF’s global CDN and DDOS protection service.
- For their Minecraft server, they advertise
mc.hypixel.net, but also have a SRV record for_minecraft._tcp.hypixel.netset for 25565 onmc.hypixel.net - The
mc.hypixel.netdomain has CNAME record formt.mc.production.hypixel.io.which is flattened to a bunch of their own direct assigned IP addresses. - Traceroute towards those direct assigned IP addresses goes through Cloudflare infrastructure but final destination is obscured, just like their website, to protect them from DDOS attacks.
Commercial IT’s overreliance on cloudflare will be the undoing of the internet.
TCP and UDP can listen on the same port, DNS is a great example of such. You’d generally need it to be part of the same process as ports are generally bound to the same process
They don’t even need to be the same process. I’m pretty sure that’s just a common practice if something needs both protocols, but there’s nothing stopping you from having a web server on TCP 443 and a VPN server on UDP 443. Ports are an abstraction brought by each protocol, they aren’t in anyway related.
Minecraft allows for SRV records. It’s pretty nifty.
Minecraft can read a special DNS record type called SRV records. You can create a record like that to point Minecraft to a port that the server is running on. It doesn’t even have to have the same ip as the webserver.
This is for Namecheap, but the general principle applies everywhere: https://www.namecheap.com/support/knowledgebase/article.aspx/9765/2208/how-can-i-link-my-domain-name-to-a-minecraft-server/
