How does it stack up against traditional package management and others like AUR and Nix?
Doesn’t work properly, apps are bigger and don’t always apply GTK themes. I also can’t easily edit the desktop file to edit the icons. I therefore only use it as a backup when I can’t find an app on the AUR or office repositories, which is very rare.
Some of the under-the-hood implementation of Flatpak irritates me, like why the hell are we installing software in /var? Using it with the terminal is a pain because of the org.something.SomeThing shit it does, and I think Flatpak gives you all the drawbacks of app sandboxing with none of the benefits. It likes to not see the whole file structure; for instance I found the Flatpak version of Steam to be unusable because it wouldn’t see anywhere I wanted to put my games library. That needs to be fixed.
That said, I think it’s the better of the three all-distro package managers, it’s got a central repository and package manager unlike Appimage so it’s a place to publish and get stuff, and it’s not tied to Canonical so it’s obviously better than Snap.
https://github.com/trytomakeyouprivate/flatalias
Try this script I wrote and help improve it!
if you want to change app permissions, use Flatseal and add the needed directory. This is very easy. If it is something all users generally need, open a bug on their repo.
Installing a separate program to make the first program work the way it should in the first place, and opening bugs in repos, is abolutely 100% things end users are willing to do.
KDE has flatpak settings included, GNOME is doing their thing with unix philosophy and all. Flatseal works fine.
As I said, you should not need to edit those settings, maybe you need to, and if it generally makes sense (for example GNUmeric only has documents access, nothing else) this needs to be fixed.
Will not happen often for common apps
How does it stack up against traditional package management and others like AUR and Nix?
I only used AUR for a few packages (<5 at a time). It’s to be avoided and only used if the other options are a massive pain (unless it’s an official package).
Then I left Arch and eventually landed on MX. During that time Nix with home-manager has slowly replaced flatpak, and I don’t even have it installed anymore. Nix is better in every way, except for ease of use.
Flatpak has great gui integration (for gui tools). You can click through everything, and the updates are unified. It usually works perfectly fine if you just need to install a few programs.
With nix, there’s a lot more setup, but there are many benefits. You end up with a list of packages, and that’s really useful because you can take a fresh install, install nix and home manager, and then run a single line to reinstall everything. You can rollback updates, pin specific versions, install packages from a repo (if it has a flake.nix with outputs), and also configure them. I’m using the unstable branch, and it’s giving me bleeding edge packages on Debian. And there’s no risk of outdated system libraries, like with flatpak, because it provides everything.
That all sounds great, thanks!
Do you have any tips for an “easy” start, where everything is already pre-configured?
Nope, and that’s the worst part of nix. I’m actually planning on writing a short startup guide, but I need to solve a few more issues first.
But, this should help you out until then:
- installation commands (per user installations, no sudo needed for using nix or home-manager)
- ~/.config/nix/nix.conf ( you might need to add this before installing home-manager, i’m not 100% sure)
- ~/.config/home-manager/flake.nix
- ~/.config/home-manager/home.nix
The home.nix should be automatically generated, and that’s where you put all of your packages. I left a few as an example.
NixGL is needed to use openGL (nixGL lutris for example). It works in most cases, but I couldn’t get alacritty or kitty to work. There are some ways to have packages automatically use it, but I still haven’t tried them out.
Flake allows you to select the correct nix repo (stable/unstable), appropriate home-manager version, and add outside packages like nixgl. It’s technically not necessary, but I wouldn’t go without it. Here I’m using the unstable repository, check the relevant docs if you want to go with releases instead.
The equivalent of apt update && apt upgrade is nix flake update && home-manager switch --impure. I like cd-ing into the nix dotfile directory (all of the files are in there and symlinked to ~/.config/ locations), but you can also use command line arguments to point to the flake.
nix flake update updates the package definitions to what’s in the repo
home-manager switch install them, and also updates any configs it’s managing. The --impure is only needed if you’re using nixgl (bad build commands depend on system time).
nix-collect-garbage to force a clean up of unused packages
https://search.nixos.org/packages makes searching for packages a lot easier
https://mynixos.com/search?q=home-manager+ same, but for finding options to configure packages through home-manager
Comment if you need help
update: removed nixGL from flake and home, installed it through nix-channel in order to not use --impure during home-manager switch
Thanks! I saved the comment for later.
What advantage do you see in Nix compared to Distrobox?
I personally enjoy DB because of its simplicity.
I just open BoxBuddy, create a new container from the dropdown-list, and then just start using my Debian or Arch container on top of Fedora Atomic for example.
The two main benefits I see in Nix are the reproducibility and the big repo. But in case of the repository size, Debian and Arch (+ AUR) are extremely big aswell.
Are there any other big benefits, that I can’t get with Distrobox, but with Nix?
Just as a small side note, I’m no power user and tend to use my PC more like a casual guy.
Where’s that Chris Pratt meme? –
I don’t know what that is and at this point I’m afraid to ask
Flatpak is a project trying to fix many things at once
- make apps that work on every distro
- thus have apps officially supported by the devs, unlike distro packages mostly
- sandbox apps with an android-like permission system with a rating system
- use modern standards like delta-downloads, deduplication and BTRFS compression to save storage space
- make everything nice and user friendly
