A general strike would be one example.

It’s hard to have an army without an economy, and it’s hard to effectively enslave a nation by forcing them to work at gunpoint.

If you’re asking how oversight is enforced, then I freely invite you to examine the past century of behavior in democratic polities which involves varying levels of participation and opposition to the state in utilizing methods most effective at the given time to maximize the impact of participation by the general population and the generation of continued enthusiasm from said population. Violence is often involved - the idea of making the state ‘scared’ to ‘come to [an individual’s] door’ by civilian firearm ownership a la GOP-style no step on snek dick-waving rarely is.

If you want me to outline the totality of escalation from civic participation to civic disobedience to direct action, I’m gonna have to decline.