Usually you’ll just need the official Docker. It contains the frontend, backend and proxy. Technically, you only need the backend right now. But lifting the load of the official servers by using a selfhosted frontend is probably beneficial too, with no drawbacks. However, the proxy is the thing anonymizing you - accessing youtube always through it, even on the go, will deanonymize you further (kinda, it’s still better than the official app). If you have a list of proxies you can rotate through, you would be anonymous again.
Then there are other components, that you can find through the larger config file of the main Piped-Backend or TeamPiped’s GH profile itself. But again: Stuff like RYD-proxy will only be anonymous and beneficial with a rotating IP/proxy. But https://github.com/TeamPiped/region-restriction-checker is good to selfhost, as (afaik) it will help decentralize to circumvent censorship (zB. uHrHEbErRecHTsvERletZUnG die Ratten). But in order to configure your instance to use the region-restriction-checker, you’ll need the larger and more complete config file.

ZL;NG:

https://github.com/TeamPiped/Piped-Docker reicht eigentlich. Sonst einfach die einzelnen Repos angucken, was sich gut anhört. Proxy Zeug nur selber hosten wenns nicht um Privacy geht oder die IP verschleiert wird.