I’m pretty sure most (all?) ISPs in Europe refuse nice requests. We have some data/privacy protection laws (GDPR …) and it’d be illegal for them to just hand out your address. But as a company they have to comply with law, so that’s why they need involve a judge. I think the courts also don’t like to do this kind of work.

In the good old times some of our providers solved the issue by not logging IP addresses. So they’d be ordered by the court to say who did it, and they’d rightully say they don’t have logs and don’t know. But as far as I know that’s a thing of the past. Some politicians regularly push for more surveillance. They start an argument every year or so, claiming online child abuse and pushing for more surveillance. I think as of now most providers keep logs, at least for some time.

The situation depends on the European country, however. Some don’t really pursue copyright violations. And we’re in a similar situation to Australia in that it’s a civil matter and not any crime. I’m not sure how it is in the USA. They famously don’t have any strong privacy protection (in most states), so maybe ISPs just hand out info about their customers. I don’t really know.